Is Ammunition Legal in Illinois? (2026)

Key facts

Status

Restricted

Permit required

No

Jurisdiction

Illinois

Last reviewed

2026-02-15

Ammunition laws in Illinois

In Illinois, the purchase and possession of ammunition are subject to specific regulations primarily governed by the Firearm Owners Identification (FOID) Card Act. To acquire ammunition, an individual must possess a valid FOID card, which requires a background check and is subject to eligibility criteria. Furthermore, recent legislation has introduced additional restrictions on certain types of ammunition. Specifically, the state has enacted bans on "assault weapon" attachments and specific ammunition types, such as armor-piercing bullets and high-capacity magazines, which are detailed in the Illinois Criminal Code. Age restrictions also apply, with individuals needing to be at least 21 years old to purchase handgun ammunition and 18 years old for long gun ammunition. Violations of Illinois ammunition laws can result in significant penalties. Possessing or acquiring ammunition without a valid FOID card is a Class A misdemeanor, punishable by up to one year in jail and a fine of up to $2,500. More severe penalties may apply for possessing banned types of ammunition or engaging in the illegal transfer or sale of ammunition, which can be classified as felonies depending on the circumstances and quantity involved. For instance, unlawful possession of a large-capacity ammunition feeding device, defined as holding more than 10 rounds for a rifle or 15 rounds for a handgun, can lead to felony charges. Recent legislative changes have significantly impacted ammunition regulations in Illinois. The Firearms Restraining Order Act, also known as a "red flag" law, allows for the temporary removal of firearms and ammunition from individuals deemed a danger, requiring a court order. Furthermore, the state has implemented enhanced background check requirements for all firearm and ammunition purchases, even for those with a FOID card, through the Illinois State Police's new system. While transportation of ammunition is generally allowed, travelers or residents should be mindful of individual county or municipal ordinances that may impose additional restrictions. It is crucial for individuals to stay informed about these evolving laws and to ensure compliance with all state and local regulations before purchasing, possessing, or transporting ammunition within Illinois.

Frequently asked questions

Is ammunition legal in Illinois for travelers?

For travelers visiting Illinois, ammunition is currently restricted. In Illinois, the purchase and possession of ammunition are subject to specific regulations primarily governed by the Firearm Owners Identification (FOID) Card Act. To acquire ammunition, an individual must possess a valid FOID card, which requires a background check and is subject to eligibility criteria. Furthermore, recent legislation has introduced additional restrictions on certain types of ammunition. Specifically, the state has enacted bans on "assault weapon" attachments and specific ammunition types, such as armor-piercing bullets and high-capacity magazines, which are detailed in the Illinois Criminal Code. Age restrictions also apply, with individuals needing to be at least 21 years old to purchase handgun ammunition and 18 years old for long gun ammunition. Violations of Illinois ammunition laws can result in significant penalties. Possessing or acquiring ammunition without a valid FOID card is a Class A misdemeanor, punishable by up to one year in jail and a fine of up to $2,500. More severe penalties may apply for possessing banned types of ammunition or engaging in the illegal transfer or sale of ammunition, which can be classified as felonies depending on the circumstances and quantity involved. For instance, unlawful possession of a large-capacity ammunition feeding device, defined as holding more than 10 rounds for a rifle or 15 rounds for a handgun, can lead to felony charges. Recent legislative changes have significantly impacted ammunition regulations in Illinois. The Firearms Restraining Order Act, also known as a "red flag" law, allows for the temporary removal of firearms and ammunition from individuals deemed a danger, requiring a court order. Furthermore, the state has implemented enhanced background check requirements for all firearm and ammunition purchases, even for those with a FOID card, through the Illinois State Police's new system. While transportation of ammunition is generally allowed, travelers or residents should be mindful of individual county or municipal ordinances that may impose additional restrictions. It is crucial for individuals to stay informed about these evolving laws and to ensure compliance with all state and local regulations before purchasing, possessing, or transporting ammunition within Illinois.

Do I need a permit for ammunition in Illinois?

Illinois does not specifically require a permit for ammunition, though general regulations apply.

Can I transport ammunition through Illinois?

Transport laws for ammunition in Illinois depend on the specific item and your route. Generally, transport is allowed if you comply with state regulations. Always check states you pass through.

What are the penalties for ammunition violations in Illinois?

Penalties for ammunition violations in Illinois vary based on the specific offense. Always verify current laws before traveling.